PESSRL Manufactures high quality Electrical Contacts with high electrical conductivity, good erosion resistance and anti-welding using three integrated technologies: Cold Forging, Internal Oxidation and Powder Metallurgy.
A well-equipped workshop with cold headed machines, we manufacture millions of Solid, Bi-metal and Tri-metal Electrical Contacts.
We offer these rivets in a variety of head profiles—including Flat, Radius, Dome, Square, Spherical, and Hexagonal—to suit diverse application requirements.
Our solid rivets are produced from carefully selected Silver-alloys or Electrolytic Grade Copper using advanced high-speed cold forging technology. This ensures uniform quality, stable electrical properties, and long service life. These rivets provide excellent conductivity and dependable performance even in demanding environments.
Our Bi-Metal Rivets are manufactured with a precision-formed silver alloy contact surface bonded to a high-grade electrolytic copper base. This combination delivers outstanding electrical performance while ensuring excellent mechanical stability.
As one of the leading producers of bi-metal contact rivets, we take pride in delivering products that balance innovation, efficiency, and durability. Each rivet is crafted through a controlled metallurgical bonding process that permanently unites the silver alloy head with the copper shank. This construction provides excellent conductivity, reduced thermal resistance, and long service life even in demanding electrical environments.
The bi-metal architecture is designed to optimize material usage by reducing silver consumption makes our rivets not only a technically superior option but also a highly economical solution for applications such as switches, relays, circuit breakers, and other electrical contact systems.
Our Tri-Metal Rivets are engineered for demanding applications that require dependable double-sided contact. These rivets feature a layered composite structure: a top contact surface made of a silver-alloy, a central core of high-conductivity copper, and a bottom contact layer also clad in silver alloy.
Thanks to this style of architecture, they combine the outstanding electrical conductivity and arc-resistance of silver alloy with the thermal dissipation and cost-efficiency of copper. Because both ends (head and shank) are finished with the high-performance contact material, these rivets excel in applications requiring dual contact — such as double-headed moving contacts in relays, switches, or contactors.
Data pending.
Button Contacts are manufactured with a precision-formed silver contact surface bonded to a Electrolytic Copper or Cupro-Nickel base. Each contact undergoes special hardening and surface-enhancement processes to ensure the silver layer is highly wear-resistant and capable of maintaining stable electrical performance over extended use.
The choice of Electrolytic Copper or Cupro-Nickel at the base provides excellent weldability, allowing the contacts to be securely welded onto a wide range of contact carriers. To simplify assembly, the contacts are designed with welding projections that promote quick, reliable attachment — even when the supporting base material is thin.
Button contacts can be produced in multiple sizes as per application needs.
Contacts are riveted onto the moving contact carriers and terminal contacts using semi-automatic or fully automatic riveting systems. The riveting method is selected based on the customer’s production volume, application needs, and performance requirements, ensuring optimal consistency and efficiency in assembly. Brass, Copper and Bronze with Silver Plating depending on customer requirement.
Silver or silver-alloyed contacts are brazed to copper, brass, or steel substrates using furnace, induction, flame, or resistance brazing methods, selected based on demand, complexity and specific application needs—using a controlled application of heat and filler metal.
Resistance brazing offers controlled heat input and repeatable joint quality, making it suitable for both simple and complex assemblies across electrical and power distribution equipment. Silver brazed joints are widely recognized for producing strong, mechanically robust, and corrosion-resistant bonds with excellent electrical conductivity, especially where heat distortion must be minimized.
This process produces exceptionally strong, highly conductive joints capable of withstanding demanding electrical and thermal loads, making them ideal for high-power environments including circuit breakers, relays, motor starters, and industrial switching systems.
Pure silver exhibits unmatched electrical and thermal conductivity and demonstrates excellent resistance to oxidation, which makes it well suited for electrical components such as fuse elements, push buttons, relays, and switching devices. That said, its relatively poor mechanical strength, susceptibility to contact erosion, and propensity for welding and sulfur-induced tarnishing restrict its suitability for more demanding or long-term applications.
| Alloy | Alloy Content (%) | Process | Conductivity (% IACS) | Density (g/cm3) | Hardness (HV10) | Endure Current / Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ag 99.9 | 0 | - | 105% | 10.5 | 30-90 | AC ≤ 8A Communications, Relays, Timers, Auxiliary Switches, Control Switches |
Silver cadmium oxide is a specialised contact material widely used in switches, relays, and similar electrical devices due to its excellent conductivity and strong resistance to arcing. It is produced as a composite in which silver provides efficient electrical performance, while the cadmium oxide phase—created through processes such as powder metallurgy or internal oxidation—greatly improves arc-erosion resistance and reduces the likelihood of contact welding. During internal oxidation, oxygen diffuses into a silver-cadmium alloy and transforms the cadmium into finely dispersed oxide particles, giving the material its characteristic durability and stability.
Because of this structure, silver cadmium oxide offers low contact resistance, good mechanical strength, and reliable performance even under high electrical loads. These advantages make it a preferred choice in high-current components such as control switches, power switchgear, and railway applications, where pure silver alone would not withstand the thermal and electrical stresses as effectively.
| Alloy | CdO Content (%) | Process | Conductivity (% IACS) | Density (g/cm3) | Hardness (HV10) | Endure Current / Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AgCdO 90-10 | 10 | IO | 83 | 10.2 | 60-115 | AC ≤ 120A Micro Switches, Household Switches, Relays, Contactors, Protective Switches, Circuit Breakers |
| AgCdO 88-12 | 12 | IO | 78 | 10.1 | 70-115 | |
| AgCdO 85-15 | 15 | IO | 76 | 10.1 | 80-125 | |
| AgCdO 83-17 | 17 | IO | 74 | 10.0 | 85-130 |
*Detailed material properties and applications can be consulted with our technical team.
Silver-nickel (AgNi) alloys are widely used in electrical contact applications because they offer an effective balance of conductivity, mechanical strength, and economic value. The addition of nickel increases the hardness of the material, improving its resistance to wear, fatigue, and electrical erosion, which makes it more durable than pure silver while remaining cost-efficient. These alloys maintain stable contact resistance over long periods of use and also reduce material transfer between contacts, helping to prevent premature failure.
AgNi contacts are well suited for low- to medium-power devices and perform reliably in general operating environments, though their performance may decline in high-temperature or sulphur-rich conditions due to oxidation. They are commonly used in relays for household and industrial equipment, in a wide range of control and instrument switches, and in low-voltage contactors and small circuit breakers.
| Alloy | Ni Content (%) | Process | Conductivity (% IACS) | Density (g/cm3) | Hardness (HV10) | Endure Current / Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AgNi 90-10 | 10 | PM | 90 | 10.2 | 40-110 | AC ≤ 20A Power Relays, Small Contactors, Household Switches, Temperature Controllers |
| AgNi 85-15 | 15 | PM | 86 | 10.1 | 60-120 | |
| AgNi 80-20 | 20 | PM | 83 | 10.0 | 70-130 |
Silver-tin oxide (AgSnO2) is a widely used, contact material known for its strong arc-extinguishing ability, very low arc erosion, stable contact resistance, and excellent anti-welding performance. Its silver matrix with dispersed tin oxide particles offers reliable conductivity and long service life, especially in circuits with high inrush currents.
AgSnO2 contact materials are produced mainly by powder metallurgy or internal oxidation, with process variations and additives selected to enhance electrical behaviour, mechanical strength, and formability. The choice of method depends on the application requirements.
AgSnO2 is widely used in medium- to high-current relays, low-voltage switchgear, capacitive loads, and other applications that demand durability, environmental safety, and resistance to welding.
| Alloy | SnO2 Content (%) | Process | Conductivity (% IACS) | Density (g/cm3) | Hardness (HV10) | Endure Current / Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AgSnO2 90-10 | 10 | PM | 83 | 9.8 | 60-100 | AC ≤ 200A Relays, Contactors, Circuit Breakers, Switches |
| AgSnO2 88-12 | 12 | PM | 78 | 9.7 | 65-110 | |
| AgSnO2 85-15 | 15 | PM | 71 | 9.7 | 70-115 |
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